The rate of hospitalization of patients in cancer treatment for febrile neutropenia is associated with high rates of morbidity, mortality, and costs associated with high number of patients using chemotherapy from the 50. This is because, most infections are asymptomatic or oligo, rapidly evolving, sometimes with fatal outcomes. This fact requires diagnosis and treatment with empirical antibiotics quickly and effectively, as well as the appropriate follow-up, keeping the patient enlightened, and the health team prepared. To do so, when it comes to the relevance of this theme, the present study aimed at discussing Febrile Neutropenia in this group of patients, through a review of recent scientific literature data, in order to update healthcare professionals about the suspicion, diagnosis, prophylaxis and treatment of this group of patients in the emergency room in emergency and emergency.
