The study of bacterial profile from urine samples at a tertiary health care centre in north india

Objective: The purpose of the study was to determine the various bacteria etiologies inciting urinary tract infections and their antimicrobial susceptibility at a tertiary care centre in North India.
Methods: The study was performed by isolation and analysis of bacterial isolates from urine samples of patients reporting at OPD/IPD at NIMSR, Jaipur, followed by their antimicrobial susceptibility. The samples were collected and processed at the Department of Microbiology, National Institute of Medical Sciences & research from Feb. 2018-July 2018, over a period of six months. Standard Kirby-Bauer method using disc diffusion technique was employed for Antimicrobial susceptibility tests.
Results: Out of total 508 samples collected only 110 samples yielded bacterial growth while majority were found sterile. Female outnumbered males in ratio 1:1.29. The most common isolate was found to be Escherichia coli (41.8%) which were followed by Klebsiella spp. (20.9%), CoNS (16.4%) and Pseudomonas spp. (10.9%). The resistance to various antibiotics was also observed where Cefepime was found to be having highest resistance rate followed by Amoxicillin, Cefepime, Ciprofloxacin, Cotrimoxazole and Chloramphenicol. . Escherichia coli isolates were found to have resistance rates of82.6% and 67.3% to Amoxycillin, and Cotrimoxazole while higest resistant rate in Klebsiella spp. were found in Amoxicillin (78.2%) and Ciprofloxacin(65.2%).
Conclusions: Escherichia coli, Klebsiella spp. and CoNS may be the common bacterial etiological agents for UTI in the region, also the resistance rates to Cefepime, Amoxicillin and Cotrimoxazole were found high resistant while other antibiotics like Nitrofurantoin and Gentamicin were having higher sensitivity rate and thus can be considered better antimicrobials for treatment of urinary tract infection.