Study of surgical manifestations of diabetic foot patients and various factors influencing it

Background: Diabetics have foot pathologies that are secondary to neuropathy and microvascular changes. They are at increased risk of Surgical manifestations such as infection, ulceration, trauma (sometimes trivial), etc. that can lead to a collapse of the foot, also called Charcot neuroarthropathy. To improve future prognosis of these manifestations, one has to understand the sequel/pattern of their occurrence and the factors influencing them so as to provide a targeted therapeutic approach to them accordingly, which will also prevent future complications.
Material & Method: A Retrospective study on a cohort of 30 patients was carried out post approval of the institutional scientific and research committee, between 1st January – 31st December 2019 in which data collection was done regarding Surgical foot manifestations and their influential factors in Diabetic patients attending the Surgical Out patient Dept. as well as In patient Dept. admitted patients within the specified time frame at Terna Hospital and Research Centre, Navi Mumbai and was documented with statistical evidence.
Results & Conclusion: Based on the result of our study and interpreting it in the context of available literature on the subject, we reached the following conclusions: Edema was the most common surgical manifestation of diabetic foot followed by infections & ulcers. These were most commonly seen in patients of low socioeconomic status. Hypertensionwas the most common co-morbidity along with Diabetes Mellitusnephropathy andNeuropathy following it and risk factors being duration of uncontrolled Diabetes Mellitus being greater than three years, peripheral neuropathy & pre-existing wounds/abscess.