Dilemma of thromboinflamation in the pandemic of covid-19

Background: COVID-19 is a current pandemic with its rapid alarming spread. COVID-19 is associated with an increased risk of thrombosis due to a transient heightened inflammatory state. Thromboinflamation can lead to severe manifestations and death in a proportion of patients. Recent literature document that micro thrombosis is one of primary lung pathophysiology in COVID-19. To determine the factors involved in micro thrombosis severity in COVID-19 will help to understand better about this disease.
Methods: This retrospective descriptive study was conducted in a single tertiary care center of Makkah, Saudi Arabia for four-month period (March 10, 2020, to July 10, 2020). Confirmed COVID-19 patients of either gender with age > 14 years were included in the study. The complete data was extracted from electronic medical records. Fischer exact test was applied to observe the correlation.
Results: A total of 226 patients were included in this study. The mean age of the patients was 58 years ± SD. = 2.836 ± 0.5289 and 95% CI. (2.767- 2.906).The predominant age group (76.6%) was older than 40 years of age. Fever was observed (77.4%), cough (77%), shortness of breath (53.5%), and myalgia (37.2%). Age, co-morbidity, smoking, Hypoxia, abnormal cellular elements, increased inflammatory markers, and specific radiological features have significant association with micro thrombosis severity.
Conclusion: Clinician could consider these factors as clinical predictors of micro thrombosis severity during hospitalization and be able to optimize the therapy.