Context and objectifs: The thrombocytosis is a common abnormality of blood cell count in our practice. It raises an etiological problem that remains undocumented in the hospital environment in Bangui. The objectif of this study was to identify the main etiologies of thrombocytosis.
Matérials and methods: It was a retrospective and descriptive study with a duration of five years from January 2012 to December 2017 at the department of surgery and internal Medicine of University Hospital of “Amitié Sino-Centrafricaine”. We Included in this study the patients who had more than 500G/L of blood platelet on two consecutives blood cell count at a few weeks of intervals.
Results: we included 31 patients among 10314 files exploited. There were 15 men and 16 women. The sex ratio was 0.93. The average age of our patients was 46.5 years with extremes ranging from 18 to 75 years old. 27 (87.09%) cases of thrombocytosis were secondary to mild illness. 4 cases (12.90%) were primitive related to myeloproloferative syndrom. The main etiologies of secondary thrombocytosis were surgical (22.58%), haemorrhage (22.58%), infections (19.35%), inflammation diseases (12.90%), benign tumors (6.45%) and one case had an indeterminate etiology. The main etiologies of primary thrombocytosis were polycythemia vera (6.45%), chronic myeloid leukemia (3.2%) and essential thrombocythemia (3.2%).
Conclusion: the discovery of a thrombocytosis on the blood cell count is a frequent situation. Most in our context are reactionary to mild disease. The primitive etiology is rare and must be evoked before persistence of thrombocytosis. A other study will be necessary to the children in order to elaborate the definitive etiological orientation in Bangui.
